Module: Influences on Weather and Climate
DCI: ESS2.D (A) Weather and climate are influenced by interactions
involving sunlight, the ocean, the atmosphere, ice, landforms, and living
things. These interactions vary with latitude, altitude, and local and regional
geography, all of which can affect oceanic and atmospheric flow patterns.
PE: MS-ESS2-6 Develop and use a model to describe how unequal
heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic
circulation that determine regional climates.
[Clarification
Statement: Emphasis is on how patterns vary by latitude, altitude, and
geographic land distribution. Emphasis of atmospheric circulation is on the
sunlight-driven latitudinal banding, the Coriolis effect, and resulting prevailing winds;
emphasis of ocean circulation is on the transfer of heat by the global ocean
convection cycle, which is constrained by the Coriolis effect and the outlines of continents.
Examples of models can be diagrams, maps and globes, or digital
representations.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include the
dynamics of the Coriolis
effect.]
The ideas in this standard are:
- weather and climate are influenced by the interactions that take place between the sun, the ocean, atmosphere, ice, landforms and living things.
- the type of interactions that take place vary depending on latitude, altitude, local geography and regional geography.
- latitude, altitude, local geography, and regional geography can all affect oceanic and atmospheric flow patterns.
It looks like we will be able to focus our attention on the patterns in the movement of air and the ocean as they both interact with the factors mentioned in the standard. Elementary school standards specified the different earth spheres (hydrosphere, geosphere, etc.) and then how those spheres interact, so that is the underlying content information.
To address the DCI, we can ask questions about interactions between the factors mentioned in the standard and how they affect weather and climate in a particular area, or how weather and climate might vary from one area to another based on the local and regional geography.
The clarification statement elucidates the fact that we can concentrate on how patterns vary by latitude, altitude, and the distribution of land. (Direction of prevailing winds, direction of ocean current?)
We should avoid assigning labels.
i.e. "the Coriolis Effect" should not be the correct answer to an item.
Possible questions:
The weather in an area is affected mostly by interactions between what?
*sunlight, the ocean and the atmosphere
humans, buildings and cars
the moon, planets and stars
The geography of a region affects its weather because the shape of landforms influences -
*the flow of winds and ocean currents
the survival rate of organisms living there
The major patterns of movement of air and water on the earth are the result of -
*uneven heating and the rotation of the earth
We should avoid assigning labels.
i.e. "the Coriolis Effect" should not be the correct answer to an item.
Possible questions:
The weather in an area is affected mostly by interactions between what?
*sunlight, the ocean and the atmosphere
humans, buildings and cars
the moon, planets and stars
The geography of a region affects its weather because the shape of landforms influences -
*the flow of winds and ocean currents
the survival rate of organisms living there
The major patterns of movement of air and water on the earth are the result of -
*uneven heating and the rotation of the earth
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